Moral Standards In Advertising Media Essay

Moral Standards In Advertising Media Essay Ethics of advertising can be defined as ethical activity, corresponding not only to law but also to moral principles. Although the normal ethics considers implementation of laws as a basic or minimal level, ethical side of advertising actually goes far beyond the simple implementation of laws. The basis of ethical decisions is formed on a series of concepts: obligations to the society, accountability to both internal (company or client) and external (publicity) parties, and latent intentions of advertising. While advertising is pervasive being an element of the environment, ethical advertisers are responsible for taking into account the expected and possible unintended consequences of their activities. One of the fundamental principles of the free market society is that consumers make free and informed choice. It is consumers who vote with their money and determine the behavior of companies. Advertising is the function of business, which transfers this principle into practice. By definition, consumers cannot make an informed choice without information obtained from advertising. It is no wonder that truth in advertising is regarded as one of the central ethical principles of doing business. In other words, everything said in the advertisement should correspond to the reality. Challenging this rationale, advertisers sometimes deal with ethical problems with the way advertising is created and executed. Often, the question concerns the borders of permitted activity in using such prevalent in advertising approaches, as inflation (exaggeration of the merits of the advertised goods or services), metaphor and hyperbole. For example, an advertisement, running that restaurant X situated in East Side is the best Italian restaurant in the world, is strictly speaking, hardly true. But the advertisers are hoping that they are dealing with an audience, well versed in advertising (i.e. the audience, disillusioned about the main purpose of advertising to sell the advertised product and the means to achieve this goal). Such an informed, sober-minded audience can make allowances for the usual exaggeration in advertising. This means that advertising may, without violating ethical standards, contain symbols, illustrations, similes and metaphors enhancing its assertions. However, the situation is much more serious with advertising which deliberately deceives or misleads the consumers. Deceptive advertisement latently provides only partial information on products or contains statements about the price which mislead the consumers. The same concerns advertisement containing accurate information, but presented in an incomprehensible for the consumer form, or in an integrated form inside a newspaper or magazine article, or as part of a television or radio program. Many consumers also fear that some types of advertising are influencing the subconsciousness. Since these messages get to the consumer bypassing the consciousness and sensory perception, they are often not only unethical, but also illegal, because they can manipulate the freedom of consumer choice. Despite the fact that studies have shown the ineffectiveness of subliminal techniques (e.g., the notorious 25-second frame), the public is still suspecting advertisers in the wide use of such techniques. Ethical issues also arise in the case of participation of celebrities in advertising. Famous sports and movie stars can significantly affect the decision making process of the consumers. Therefore, officially thereve been developed specific recommendations for the creation of such advertising in order to make it more ethical. The character of advertising should be a user of an advertised product, and his statements must fairly reflect his personal opinion. All statements made by the character must have actual proof. Concerns about advertising with celebrities are so great that in some countries such as Canada, it is prohibited for certain product categories, such as alcoholic beverages and certain childrens products. Criticism is also justified in cases of some advertising methods, in particular, playing on fear of consumers. For example, advertising of a certain kind of cereal containing oat and bran was built on fears of cancer. However, these products do not factually contain more fiber than many other natural foods, and they increase the chance to prevent only one kind of cancer, whereas the advertising considered the prevention of cancer in general. Such advertisement can be considered misleading, manipulating the audience and exploiting the feelings of consumers. At the same time, the visual part of the advertisement deserves no less than the text. Since consumers typically pay more attention to images than to the text accompanying them. In particular, the claims involve the fact that the advertisement shows the product bigger than it really is. Another example of unethical imaging is the way advertising depicts women. Using models for the advertisement, advertisers also apply special methods of processing images, allowing characters to look perfect, with absolutely no pigment spots and wrinkles. This actually presents a process of forming an ideal image, unattainable in real life. Attempts of female consumers to become similar to those ideal models finally ends in disappointment, feeling unhappy, loss of self-esteem, inferiority complex, and even guilt. Models are tall and extremely slim; in an effort to be like them, some young women and girls being unable to do anything with their height, direct all their eagerness to their extra pounds, s ometimes bringing themselves to anorexia. Heated discussion also surrounds the image of women in advertising of household goods, where they invariably appear as the main executors of domestic work, showing them on the sidelines of family decision making process. Women are also often unethically shown as sexual objects, but nowadays this aspect is complexified by the modern tendency to depict men in the same way, together with the ambiguity of child images in advertising. Sometimes kids are shown in sexual poses with the provocative make-up, and half-dressed, while new styles of advertisement try displaying certain parts of human body as the main objects of the image, which is only emphasizing sexuality. Older people represent another group of people, harmed by stereotypes which generate from advertising. Feeble, trembling, wrinkled old people, unable to solve simplest tasks, are being targeted with advertising humor. However, this advertising image of elderly people is often very far from reality, in which the elderly lead a ctive and interesting life. Many advertisers state that advertising does not create reality, but only holds a mirror which reflects the society. But if that was true, we would see the images of various social groups in the advertisement. However, the characters (with both genders) of most of the advertisements in North America and Europe are young, slim, smart and extremely athletic. While some advertisers are beginning to realize the importance of different cultural groups, the number of ads with black skin people is growing; but the characters of Asian, and Hispanic origin are still met relatively rarely. Advertising also never positions disabled people, and the elderly are participating only in advertising of dentures and nutritional supplements for elderly people. In addition, certain segments of the population could perceive everything shown in the advertisement as the reality, or misunderstand the special conditions or precautions on the proper use of advertised goods (immigrants, some elderly consumers, children, people lacking education, etc.), which shouldnt be just used for the benefit of a company. A well-known example is the case of advertising offering children to call Santa Claus on a pay telephone numbers beginning with 900. Many children (including those staying at home after school without their parents) called on those numbers without realizing the size of bills that could come for such a conversation. Moral standards of advertising are based on the principles of freedom of choice and freedom of action. These principles come from the belief in the benefits of the free market economy. Informed consumers have freedom of action; they regulate the business activities of companies with their individual purchase decisions. Consumers right to freedom of choice is consistent with two other principles: freedom from coercion and freedom from harm. Advertising should not use unfaithful techniques in order to persuade consumers or manipulate them, pushing to a bad choice. Faithful advertising, which imparts accurate information, is an indispensable condition for consumers; informed decisions about products and services. Nowadays, advertising detached from unethical standards may be unique and sets the standard for the industry. It has value to both clients and consumers. Thus, the terms ethics of advertising and moral standards in advertising are not just a combination of mutually exclusive co ncepts, but without a doubt, present normal business practices.

Network Flows Case Study

As seen in the picture below: Would this work for this application? This would work. The A/C technician is required to know some type of algebra and know how to use it. Knowing this will allow him/her to graph an air flow chart. This would use an isomorphic simple graph so the same number of edges to correspond with the number vertices. This would show that the proper air flow is given from one point to the other point as quickly as possible, this allows for the air to maintain the temperature that you are looking for.Being able to maintain the same temperature would mean less time your unit will run and this saves you money on your bills. This would be a real world application; because the A/C technician has to use math on a daily basis. Example 2: In this example we will try to Stop any traffic on the water way to and from town. This can be done by placing barriers in the water way. But seeing that the river get wider as it gets further away from town, the barriers need to be place d just right to block the water way traffic. As seen in the diagram below:When placing the barriers, the first thing you want to do is figure out which points to place the barriers. This will allow the use of fewer barriers in this application. Would first start with points G, J, H, and L. This point have a shortest distance between them and would be easier to block. Then if you wanted to add more protection to the town you could place more barriers at points D, E, and F. Now in a real life application this could be used in something as the military blocking or slowing down the traffic going on and if the base.Example 3: Employers and Employees Employers Department 1 Department 2 3 4 Max # area Wanted Yes No NO # Area Needed In this example the table shows where an employer was asked to hire more employees in order to cover 100 departments with 30 different areas. Each new employee would work in areas 1, 2, and 3. The area assigned to the employee would be determined by the employer him/herself. The table above givens an example of how it will go. Then the overall question would be how the assigned areas would be split up.When it comes to converting the table above into a graph to the answer, I am at a little bit off loss. The employee numbers 1, 2, and 3 would then be converted into vertices ODL , DO, and DO and the different areas into AY , AZ and AY which is shown in the diagram below: In the diagram you have to replace the G's with Do's and the CSS with the Ass. Believe the assigned areas would be given to the employees by the employer. An employer would be assign to an employee by random. The employee would follow the employer's number through the graph.This would tart in area 1 and continue on through 3. If you have 100 employers and 30 employees they would be assigned in areas as 34, 33, and 33 this would allow all areas to be covered and the jobs completed in a timely manner. In this paper I have provided examples of networking flow charts to the best of my knowledge. This type of flow chart shows the way things can flow and the way you can block the flow of information or even water or air. You can apply this to many of different area's in life. If you can imagine it, I am sure it will work for you.

Top Essay Scholarship Samples Guide!

Top Essay Scholarship Samples Guide! Essay Scholarship Samples Help! With the assistance of my biology teacher, I managed to begin a 4-H club on campus. It is thought to be absolutely the most significant part your application, since the scholarship committee will use this to assess who you are as an individual, together with your outlook in life. Being part of a great educational institution can be rather costly. Knowledge, nevertheless, is only a little bit of the puzzle that's college, and it's in the remainder of that puzzle that colleges differ. Nevertheless, in studying history, I get an opportunity to contemplate ideologies and the character of human beings. Not everybody can afford superior education, and that's why some individuals elect to join the institution's scholarship program. Like your organization, I am hoping to aid animals for the remainder of my life. Even at a young age, ten decades back, I realized that acts of terrorism can be destructive. The History of Essay Scholarship Samples Refuted Writing a scholarship essay may not be a very simple undertaking for many students. Scholarship applications often need an essay too. MDG Advertising would like to aid YOU pay for college! Money management is a complex approach. To find out more about what things to anticipate from the study of medicine, have a look at our Study Medicine in america section. You are able to receive a great education anywhere, if you're self-motivated,'' I have a tendency to be rather skeptical. The scholarship essay examples shared here are an outstanding plan in telling you the way to compose the ideal scholarship essay. The Battle Over Essay Scholarship Samples and How to Win It Short essays are important when one is hoping to present an important topic without needing to compose a great deal of words or using numerous pages. The worth of education is something I have understood since an extremely young age. Choose a theme you need to convey that sums up the impression you wish to make. Keep these ideas in mind the next time you compose an essay. This is one particular way of creating your essay memorable. It's called short essay in the feeling that the manner a certain topic is presented is congested but still focuses on the target of making the audience understand the entire point of the essay. Creative writing is a significant skill to need to be effective in many industries, especially in ours. It's simple to point out an essay that's been written solely for the interest of it. You don't need to possess the ideal writing skills as a way to be creative and compose an effective essay. Don't rush writing and revising. It presents just the right quantity of information or knowledge essential to feed a hungry mind. Therefore, you don't need to be concerned about your private information whenever you order with us. These options ought to be based on the kind of career the person is interested in for the future. Simply think beyond the box and go from the ordinary. Bear in mind that all scholarship applications are different so you might have to design your essay to fulfill those particular requirements. Keep in mind that they are different, so you may have to design your essay to meet those specific requirements. You will realize that when you have seen one or two applications, you've pretty much seen all of them. Your application ought to be typewritten and neat. What to Expect From Essay Scholarship Samples? The very first step to any essay writing is to select a subject of interest. Reading good essays written by other people would help you realize that difference. Within this instance, the writer doesn't have proper command over the usage of commas namely they're missing in places they should have been added and added places they're not required. This type of essay topic can be challenging as it is quite general. When you compose a brief essay, you have to bear in mind that there are not any elements to be sacrificed. With this, you're going to be in a position to restrict your ideas into key points that you want to highlight in the body of your essay. Brainstorm to generate some decent ideas and make an outline that will help you get going. Make certain your essay is neatly typed, and that there's plenty of white space' on the webpage.

Micro Marketing And Macro Marketing - 1510 Words

Micro-Marketing and Macro-marketing have to completely different meanings. According Basic Marketing the 9th edition by William D. Perrault, Joseph Cannon, and Jerome McCarthy define micro-marketing concerns the marketing activities of an individual firm, whereas macro-marketing deals with how the whole marketing system works (Perrault, Cannon, McCarthy 2014, p 526). I will be discussing organizational domestic and international, micro and macro marketing impacts on business and society, and identifying environmental elements that affect their marketing strategies. According to the website Product2Market â€Å"micro marketing is a strategy used to target a small segment of consumers with specific needs for products in the market. In micro marketing, all advertising efforts are strongly focused on a small group of highly targeted consumers† (Mello, 2014). Micro marketing is used in businesses to study their customers’ characteristics. By doing this businesses learn how to match their products or services to their customers resulting in a likelihood they will return. The website Wise Geek provides multiple scenarios involving micro and macro marketing. For example, micro marketing can be found in the real estate industry. A realtor who develops a reputation for working with properties within a certain price range can better understand the needs and wants of potential buyers who can afford homes within that price range (Tatum and Harris, 2016). Coming from my personal experienceShow MoreRelatedMarketing, Micro Marketing And Macro Mar keting878 Words   |  4 PagesMany people think that production of goods and service is important for their life. However, they don’t realize that marketing is a significant process for carrying goods and service from producers to them. Marketing doesn’t only mean to sell products or persuade customers buy goods they actually don’t need. 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